Such modified flails were used in the German Peasants' War in the early 16th century. Some of these weapons featured anti personnel studs or spikes embedded in the striking end, or are shown being used by armored knights, suggesting they were made or at least modified specifically to be used as weapons. For example, in the 1420–1497 period, the Hussites fielded large numbers of peasant foot soldiers armed with this type of flail.
In most cases, these are two-handed agricultural flails, which were sometimes employed as an improvised weapon by peasant armies conscripted into military service or engaged in popular uprisings. In the Late Middle Ages, a particular type of flail appears in several works being used as a weapon, which consists of a very long shaft with a hinged, roughly cylindrical striking end.
The smaller, more spherical-headed flail appears to be even less common it appears occasionally in artwork from the 15th century onward, but many historians have expressed doubts that it ever saw use as an actual military weapon. It was primarily considered a peasant's weapon, and while not common, they were deployed in Germany and Central Europe in the later Late Middle Ages. The longer cylindrical-headed flail is a hand weapon derived from the agricultural tool of the same name, commonly used in threshing. There are two broad types of flail: a long, two-handed infantry weapon with a cylindrical head, and a shorter weapon with a round metal striking head. Its chief liability was a lack of precision and the difficulty of using it in close combat, or closely-ranked formations. The chief tactical virtue of the flail was its capacity to strike around a defender's shield or parry.
#WHO INVENTED SPIKE BALL MANUAL#
From Paulus Hector Mair's combat manual Arte De AthleticaĪ flail is a weapon consisting of a striking head attached to a handle by a flexible rope, strap, or chain. Spiked versions of long-handled peasant flails.
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